The New Canadian NBCC Code and ICFs Compared to Wood Framing

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With the 2020 update to the National Building Code of Canada (NBCC), the landscape of building material choices is evolving for both residential and commercial projects.

As builders aim to meet higher standards for energy efficiency, safety, and sustainability, comparing Insulated Concrete Forms (ICFs) to traditional wood framing becomes essential for making informed decisions about modern construction.

Impact of 2020 NBCC on Building Material Choices

New Regulations for Wood Framing

The 2020 NBCC now allows wood-framed buildings up to 12 stories when using encapsulated mass timber construction (EMTC). While this expansion in building height offers more opportunities for developers, the new fire resistance and structural integrity standards add complexity. Builders must now account for these enhanced safety measures, which can potentially affect timelines and budgets.

ICFs: Streamlined Compliance for Builders

ICFs benefit from simpler regulations under the updated NBCC. For residential projects (Part 9 structures), the clearer standards on lateral support and height limits make the approval process for ICFs more straightforward. These changes reduce the need for repeated engineering reviews, and make ICFs a more practical and cost-effective choice for both residential and commercial applications.

Beyond durability and soundproofing, ICFs also excel in enhancing energy efficiency, to provide significant long-term savings for property owners.

Boosting Energy Efficiency with ICFs

ICFs are recognized for their ability to significantly enhance a building’s energy efficiency, particularly in extreme climates like Canada. By creating a highly airtight envelope, ICFs prevent air leaks that contribute to heat loss by reducing the reliance on heating and cooling systems. This leads to more consistent indoor temperatures throughout the year.

Another advantage is their superior R-values, which typically range from R-20 to R-28, to provide much better continuous insulation than traditional wood framing. The heightened thermal resistance for the whole wall assembly, helps to further decrease energy consumption and improve temperature regulation, in all climate zones, inside the building.

Overall, these features result in up to 30-40% reductions in utility bills for property owners, which makes ICFs a cost-effective and energy-efficient solution for both residential and commercial projects.

ICFs also offer the added benefit of thermal mass, which plays a vital role in regulating indoor temperatures, minimizing temperature changes through the wall assembly, and optimizing energy use.

Harnessing Thermal Mass for Temperature Regulation

House construction being built in the winter months.

A significant advantage of ICFs is their ability to leverage thermal mass for improved temperature regulation.

Heat Absorption and Release in ICFs

One of the key benefits of ICFs is their ability to regulate indoor temperatures through thermal mass. Unlike wood, which tends to allow rapid temperature changes, ICF walls absorb heat during the day and release it at night, to maintain a consistent indoor climate.

This natural process of heat absorption and release means that buildings made with ICFs experience fewer temperature fluctuations, even in regions with extreme weather. In turn, this reduces the need for additional heating or cooling systems for long-term energy savings for property owners. This is especially relevant in areas of Canada where large temperature swings between day and night are common.

In addition to energy savings, ICFs contribute to healthier and quieter indoor environments.

Improving Indoor Air Quality with ICFs

Improved Indoor Air Quality

Fox Blocks ICFs are made without volatile organic compounds (VOCs) to help ensure cleaner indoor air. Many traditional building materials emit VOCs, which can contribute to respiratory issues and long-term health problems. By using VOC-free materials, ICFs create safer living environments, free from harmful chemicals.

Effective Moisture Control

ICF walls are designed to prevent moisture buildup within the wall system, which significantly reduces the risk of mold and mildew growth. This is particularly important in regions with high humidity, where wood framing can be prone to rot and decay. ICFs maintain structural integrity and protect against the long-term damage that moisture can cause.

Superior Soundproofing with ICFs

ICFs offer outstanding soundproofing capabilities. Thanks to their dense concrete core, Fox Blocks ICFs achieve a Sound Transmission Class (STC) rating of 50-55+, which means they block up to 50% more sound compared to wood-framed walls filled with fiberglass insulation.

This superior soundproofing performance makes ICFs particularly beneficial for projects located in noisy environments, such as near highways or airports, where controlling noise is essential. Homeowners and occupants enjoy quieter, more peaceful indoor spaces, which improves the overall comfort and quality of life.

Beyond energy efficiency, ICFs excel in offering unmatched strength and resilience, to make them a top choice for soundproofing exterior walls and enduring harsh weather conditions.

Demising Walls with ICFs

The soundproofing and fire resistance attributes of ICFs make an excellent choice for demising walls and firewalls in multi-family buildings. A much simpler and cheaper construction methodology than a double stud firewall.

Strength and Weather Resistance of ICFs

Fox Blocks products being used to build a home.

Dura­bil­i­ty and weath­er resis­tance are vital con­sid­er­a­tions in mod­ern con­struc­tion, espe­cial­ly in extreme cli­mates. Insu­lat­ed Con­crete Forms (ICFs) pro­vide supe­ri­or strength and pro­tec­tion com­pared to tra­di­tion­al wood fram­ing by ensur­ing that build­ings can with­stand some of the harsh­est envi­ron­men­tal chal­lenges.

Extreme Weather

ICFs are known for their excep­tion­al dura­bil­i­ty, par­tic­u­lar­ly in regions prone to extreme weath­er con­di­tions. Build­ings con­struct­ed with ICFs can with­stand winds of up to 200 mph, for supe­ri­or pro­tec­tion against hur­ri­canes, tor­na­does, and oth­er nat­ur­al dis­as­ters. In con­trast, wood-framed build­ings are gen­er­al­ly rat­ed for winds up to 120 mph, which makes them less resilient in such sce­nar­ios.

Fire and Moisture Resistance

ICFs also have a four-hour fire rat­ing, which sig­nif­i­cant­ly out­per­forms wood fram­ing in terms of fire resis­tance. Addi­tion­al­ly, ICFs resist mois­ture and mold, and main­tain their integri­ty over time and require min­i­mal main­te­nance. This longevi­ty not only makes ICFs a sound invest­ment for long-last­ing struc­tures, it also reduces repair and main­te­nance costs for build­ing own­ers.

When con­sid­er­ing con­struc­tion mate­ri­als, the long-term finan­cial advan­tages of ICFs make them a strong con­tender over tra­di­tion­al wood fram­ing.

ICFs vs. Wood Framing: Long-Term Financial Benefits

Energy Savings

Although ICFs may have a 10 – 15% high­er ini­tial cost com­pared to wood fram­ing, the long-term finan­cial ben­e­fits are sub­stan­tial. The ener­gy sav­ings alone, which can reduce util­i­ty bills by up to 40%, allow prop­er­ty own­ers to recoup their invest­ment with­in 10 – 12 years.

Maintenance Cost Reduction

More­over, ICFs require far few­er repairs than wood struc­tures, which are sus­cep­ti­ble to dam­age from mois­ture, pests, and struc­tur­al degra­da­tion. The reduced need for main­te­nance, cou­pled with long-last­ing dura­bil­i­ty, makes ICFs a more finan­cial­ly sus­tain­able option for devel­op­ers and home­own­ers alike.

In today’s con­struc­tion land­scape, ICFs are a reli­able solu­tion to the chal­lenges posed by fluc­tu­at­ing mate­r­i­al costs and labor short­ages.

Overcoming Labor and Material Shortages with ICFs

In today’s con­struc­tion envi­ron­ment, mate­r­i­al and labor short­ages present seri­ous chal­lenges for builders. Wood, in par­tic­u­lar, has seen price increas­es of up to 300%, mak­ing it dif­fi­cult for builders to stay on bud­get. The lack of skilled labor has also con­tributed to project delays and high­er labor costs.

In con­trast, ICFs offer a more sta­ble alter­na­tive. Fox Blocks ICFs pro­vide pre­dictable mate­r­i­al pric­ing that allows builders to fore­cast costs more accu­rate­ly. Addi­tion­al­ly, ICFs require few­er spe­cial­ized trades for instal­la­tion, which helps mit­i­gate the impact of labor short­ages and keeps projects on track.

ICFs not only deliv­er struc­tur­al and finan­cial advan­tages, they also con­tribute sig­nif­i­cant­ly to the envi­ron­ment through sus­tain­able build­ing prac­tices.

The Environmental Benefits of ICFs

As sus­tain­abil­i­ty becomes a greater focus in the con­struc­tion indus­try, ICFs offer clear envi­ron­men­tal advan­tages over tra­di­tion­al wood fram­ing.

ICFs During Construction

ICFs pro­vide numer­ous envi­ron­men­tal advan­tages even dur­ing the con­struc­tion phase. By gen­er­at­ing less waste and reduc­ing the need for mate­ri­als like tim­ber, ICFs help con­serve nat­ur­al resources. The pre­ci­sion in the design of ICF blocks min­i­mizes off­cuts, and many ICF prod­ucts use recy­cled con­tent, to con­tribute to sus­tain­abil­i­ty goals such as LEED cer­ti­fi­ca­tion.

Long-Term Sustainability Benefits of ICFs

Beyond the ini­tial con­struc­tion, ICFs con­tin­ue to con­tribute to a building’s sus­tain­abil­i­ty:

  • Their supe­ri­or insu­la­tion prop­er­ties reduce the ener­gy need­ed for heat­ing and cool­ing, there­by low­er­ing a building’s car­bon foot­print.

  • Over time, this results in sig­nif­i­cant reduc­tions in green­house gas emis­sions.

Addi­tion­al­ly, the dura­bil­i­ty of ICFs means few­er ren­o­va­tions and less fre­quent need for mate­r­i­al replace­ments, to fur­ther lessen the envi­ron­men­tal impact over the life cycle of the build­ing.

ICFs con­tin­ue to pro­vide envi­ron­men­tal ben­e­fits long after con­struc­tion by reduc­ing resource con­sump­tion and green­house gas emis­sions through­out a building’s life cycle.

Life-Cycle Environmental Impact

The envi­ron­men­tal ben­e­fits of ICFs extend through­out a building’s life cycle. Because ICFs last longer and require min­i­mal main­te­nance, they reduce the need for ren­o­va­tions and rebuilds, which in turn decreas­es mate­r­i­al con­sump­tion and waste.

Addi­tion­al­ly, the supe­ri­or insu­la­tion and ther­mal mass of ICFs low­er ener­gy con­sump­tion over the life­time of the build­ing. This results in few­er green­house gas emis­sions and a reduced car­bon foot­print, which makes ICFs a more sus­tain­able choice for long-term con­struc­tion projects.

ICFs offer a future-proof build­ing solu­tion, to ensure com­pli­ance with evolv­ing codes while also min­i­miz­ing the need for cost­ly retro­fits down the line.

Future-Proofing Construction with ICFs

Home being constructed with ICF.

As build­ing codes evolve, par­tic­u­lar­ly con­cern­ing ener­gy effi­cien­cy and safe­ty, ICFs offer a future-proof solu­tion for both res­i­den­tial and com­mer­cial build­ings.

  • ICFs not only meet, but often exceed, cur­rent code require­ments for ther­mal insu­la­tion and fire resis­tance.

  • Builders who choose ICFs can avoid the need for cost­ly retro­fits down the line, as these struc­tures are already equipped to han­dle future reg­u­la­to­ry changes.

Partner with Fox Blocks for Your Next Project

Max­i­mize the per­for­mance and sus­tain­abil­i­ty of your next project with Fox Blocks high-qual­i­ty ICF solu­tions. Designed to meet the updat­ed NBCC stan­dards, our prod­ucts offer the ener­gy effi­cien­cy, resilience, and dura­bil­i­ty that today’s build­ings demand.

Con­tact us today for more infor­ma­tion!